Permutation-padlock.



J. T. WHALEN.

PERMUTATION PADLOCKL APPLICATION FILED lJUNE 19, 1908.

940,762. l f Patented 1\0v.,23,1909.

wuwto/a,

EETTED STATES PATENT TGEETCE.

JOI-IN T. WHALEN, OE NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE WHALEN COMPANY, OF JERSEYYCI'IY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

seance.

Specification of Letters Patent.

PERMUTATION-PADLOCK.

Patented Nov. 23, 1909.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN T. WHALEN, a citizen of the UnitedV States, and resident of Greater New York, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Permutation-Padlocks; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full,

clear, and exact description of the invention,

which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification and illustrating one way in which my invention may be carried into practice.

My invention appertains to novel improvements in permutation padlocks, more particularly to padlocks of the type de,- scribed in my applications for Letters Patent Serial Nos. 406,019 and 438,637, tiled December 11th 1907 and June 15th 1908, respectively, which are shown provided with sliding shackles. However, by suitably modifying and adapting'certain details of construction and arrangements of parts, I may apply some or all of the improvements herein described to permutation locks with hinged or other shackles without departing from the rationale of my original invention, or altering its scope.

The object of my invention is to further simplify the construction and the manufacture of padlocks as described in the applications above referred to, and hereinafter, and more especially to provide a construction according to which the inner rings or tumblers are more thoroughly and completely covered and protected by the outer or permutating rings against wilful or accidental damage not only while the latter are moved longitudinally of the lock for the purpose of changing the combination of the characters marked thereon, but also to protect the terminal permutating rings, and the underlying tumblers, when the lock is closed, by a suitable overlapping of the end pieces. Furthermore, I purpose, in operatively assembling or aggregating the working parts of the lock, to pass all of the wards, to be subsequently attached to the locking bolt, through a radial opening in only one of the permutating rings, thus reducing the possibility of any water or foreign matter becoming unduly deposited within the locking mechanism.

' The above and other, minor, objects I may accomplish as follows, disclosing one of a series of constructions, which are mechanical equivalents, in this specification and through the drawing annexed hereto which illustrates this one way of carrying my invention into practical and useful effect, the distinguishing features'of which are particularly pointed out in the claims hereto appended.

Referring now to the drawing in which like characters of reference denote like parts in all of the views, Figure l is a vertical, central, longitudinal section of my lock when closed, on line A A of Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is a vertical cross section of the same on line B B of Fig. l; Fig. 3 is a vertical central, longitudinal section of the lock when open, on line C C of Fig. 4; Fig. 4 is a vertical cross section of the same on line D D of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a vertical, central, longiH tudinal section of one of the tumblers, on line E E of Fig. 0; Fig. 6 is a vertical cross section of a tumbler on line F F of Fig. 7; while Fig. 7 shows a tumbler in side view.

To one of the end pieces of my lock, as a, is secured an apertured shank b, vwhile the other end piece, as c, has, shown integral therewith, a locking bolt d. and f of the end pieces a and c, respectively, form the two sections of the shackle. Shank b has a central opening or aperture to receive locking bolt d, and a slot /L through which latter pins or wards, as t', project to engage the tumblers, as n. These wards c' are shown radially and substantially im- Extensions c movably inserted into locking bolt cl, equif lwhich rests in the groove, to permit of wards z' to slide therein, and also extend radially, to allow of the introduction therethrough of the wards when assembling the parts of the lock, see Figs. 5, 6 and 7 Across a part of their outer periphery, tumblers n are provided with teeth, as t, to longitudinally slidably and adjustably engage `with teeth p (see Figs. 2 and 3) on exterior or permutattumblers, and which are provided on their periphery with letters, numerals or other characters, as for the purpose of setting the combination, as is well understood. A spring, as s, located within end piece c, presses against the right-side terminal permutating ring and thereby maintains all of the tumblers in engagement with their corresponding perinutating rings when the lock is open and thereby prevents any accidental or unintentional changing of the combina tion.

AS is seen from Figs. 1 and 3, end pieces .a and c are arranged to overlap the terminal perinutating rings, to strengthen the con struction in general. The permutating rings r I prefer to arrange rabbeted, as shown in Figs. l and 3, and, preferably, one of their number only I provide with a radial opening, as fv, see Figs. 3 and t, of a size sufiicient to admit ward z' when assembling the parts of the lock. This opening o is, preferably, in that part of the permutat-ing ring which is of reduced diameter, due to the rabbeting, so as to be completely covered when the lock is closed, or when the combination is not being changed.

To aggregate all parts of the lock in such a manner that neither screws, rivets, or soldered and brazed joints need be employed, I first introduce shank b into end piece a; I then place a tumbler in its corresponding groove m of the shank b, in such a position that the recess o will be above the slot z, and then slide the corresponding perinutating ring over the tumbler. This operation is repeated until all the perinutating rings and tumblers are in place. I then slide locking bolt CZ, with spring s in position as shown, into the central aperture otl shank b until opening o, recess 0 and slot register with the openings shown provided for on lockng bolt cl to receive wards z', and press the latter, one after the other, into their places, beginning with the one on the left side of the locking bolt as shown by F ig. 8. After all the wards are in position it is practically impossible to disaggregate the parts of the lock without damaging the same.

As shown by Figs. 2 and t, slot /i on shank b extends transversely to such an extent that when the lock is open and the two sections of the shackle have been longitudinally separated, the same may be further separated, transversely, by swinging them apart, as indicated by Fig. 2 in dotted lines.

To open the lock, wards z' have to be brought, first, to position a, relative to recesses o, see Fig. 5, by turning perinutating rings o with which the tumblers n are engaged. As soon as all of the wards are in this position i, spring s will be able to move locking bolt d longitudinally to such an extent that its wards z' will be in the position ing rings r, which latter encircle the said l i, at the same time locking the tumblers against turning.

To change the combination of the lock, when it is open, I press each one of the permutating rings, one after the other, to the right, against the pressure of spring s, until teeth y) and t become disengaged and the permutating rings may be tuined to bring dilerent characters thereon into the index or reading line, and thus form a new combination for opening the lock.

It is seen from Fig. 3 that due to the rabbeting of the perinutating rings, during the changing of the combination, only so much of the locking mechanism may become exposed as can be perceived through opening o, while at any other time the tumblers and the spring are thoroughly iiicased. By so rabbeting the permutating rings, water or dust can not pass to the tumblers, and the interior parts are thus better protected against damage, all of which also refers to the overlapping of the end pieces to cover part of the terminal perinutating rings.

Having described my invention and in what. manner the same may be carried into practice, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent granted unto ine is:

1. In a lock of the class described,-an apertured shank,-a locking bolt adapted to have wards removably attached thereto, inovably retained by the said shank,-tum blers having radial openings and longitudinal recesses to engage t-he said wards, rotatably mounted on the said shank,-and permutating rings one of which is provided with a radial opening, rotatably and shiftably encircling and variably adjustably engaging the said tumblers,-the radial opening of one of the tumblers being adapted to register with the radial opening of its corresponding permutating ring permitting the passage of the wards successively therethrough.

2. In a lock of the class described,an apertured shank,-a locking bolt adapted to have wards attached thereto, inovably retained by the said shank, tumblers having radial openings and longitudinal recesses to engage the said wards, rotatably mounted on the said shank,-and rabbeted permutating rings one of which is provided with a radial opening in the rabbeted portion thereof, rotatably and shiftably encircling and variably adjustably engaging the said tuinblers,-the said radial opening in said perinutating ring being adapted to register with the radial opening of its corresponding tumbler, whereby the said wards may be passed successively therethrough to permit the saine to be attached to said locking bolt after the latter has been inserted into the said shank.

8. In a lock of the class described,-an end piece having an apertured shank,-a second end piece having a warded locking bolt, movably retained by the said shanln- In testimony whereof I have axed my tumblers having recesses t'o engage the said signature to this speoioation in the presence 10 wards, rotatably mounted on the said of two subscribing witnesses. Y sl1ank,-and permutating rings encircling l7 and adjustably engaging the said tum- JOHN T A HALEN' blers,-the said end pieces being hollow and Witnesses: adapted to overlap the terminal permutat- J. C. BLAKE,

ing rings when the look is closed. LULU WARD. 

